Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System

remained sufficiently solid to provide an important source of support ...remained strong through most of the year and surged in the fall as consumers

volatility early in the intermeeting period; volatility was particularly...volatility. Some reports suggested that the increase in volatility was

remained brisk. The unemployment rate edged lower in May, to 4.4 percent...remained at the high first-quarter level, as stronger single-family starts

volatility implied by options remained well above its historical median...volatility remained above its long-term median Accessible Version | Return

remain elevated in some markets Equity prices relative to forecast earnings...volatility derived from options prices remain low by historical standards

remained reasonably strong, businesses seemed exceptionally reluctant ...volatility of energy prices, commodity prices, and (to a lesser extent

remained strong, spending on nonresidential structures had weakened a ...remained modest in relation to sales. Employment and production had continued

contained in high frequency data. For the Great Moderation period, we ...volatility of these variables. Central to this result is a systematic

Finance and Economics Discussion Series Federal Reserve Board, Washington, D.C. ISSN 1936-2854 (Print) ISSN 2767-3898 (Online) Household Consumption

remained on a solid uptrend. Although business efforts to pare inventories...volatile sales of motor vehicles during this period, spending on goods